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[ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ] I Ileitis: Inflammation of the ileum. Ileostomy: The result of intestinal surgery where the far end of the, mall intestine is brought out to the skin surface. The small bowel contents are then collected in a bag attached to the skin. This is normally done only for severe large bowel disease because the fluid, bicarbonate and electrolyte losses can be difficult to treat or correct, especially on a long-term basis. Impacted: Pertains to description of a calculus that is pressed firmly into something so as to appear stuck or immovable. Indinavir sulfate: (Crixivan) is a protease inhibitor used to treat patients with HIV infections. See Crixivan stones. Infectious stones: See struvite stones. Infundibulum: A funnel shaped passage where a calyx connects to the renal pelvis. Intracorporeal: From the inside of the body. Intracorporeal electrohydraulic lithotripsy: Fragmentation of stone by electrohydraulically generated shock waves where shock waves are generated inside the patient in close proximity to the stone. This is done through an endoscope of choice (cystoscopic, semi-rigid ureteroscope, flexible ureteroscope). Intramural Ureter: That part of the distal third of the ureter where the ureter enters the bladder wall. It consists of that portion of the ureter starting at the UVJ approximately 12 mm, concurrent with the bladder wall ending at the UO distal. This is considered the narrowest portion of the ureter and often the most difficult to negotiate with a ureteroscope. Intramuscular: An injection into the muscle. Usually abbreviated IM. Intravenous (IV): Into a vein. (For example, an intravenous medication would be injected into a vein). Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP): 1. This is a series of X-rays designed to show the inside of the kidneys and urinary system. Traditionally, this was the standard diagnostic tool for evaluation of possible kidney stones and tumors. A small amount of contrast or dye is injected into a vein. This contrast is excreted by the kidneys within five to fifteen minutes. When the contrast appears in the urine, it clearly outlines the shape, size and location of the internal urinary organs. If there is blockage or dilation, it will show up clearly. Virtually all significant stones will be visible either directly on the X-ray or indirectly through the blockage they produce. Also see Excretory Urogram (EXU). 2. Intravenous Pyelogram, venous administration of a contrast medium which is excreted by the kidneys, sometimes called excretory urography, used to demonstrate renal anatomy and function.
[ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ] J Jejunoileitis: Inflammation of jejunum and ileum. Jejunum: The portion of small intestine about 8 feet in length between the duodenum and the ileum. Juxtaglomerular: Close to or adjoining a renal glomerulus.
[ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ] K Ketonuria: The enhanced urinary excretion of ketone bodies. Kidneys: two large, bean-shaped organs that remove waste from the blood. Kidney (atrophic): That is diminished in size because of inadequate circulation and/or loss of nephrons. Kidney (cystic): Containing one or more cysts. Kidney (horseshoe): Union of the lower or occasionally the upper extremities of the two k's by a band of tissue extending across the vertebral column. Kidney (medullary sponge): Cystic disease of the renal pyramids associated with calculus formation and hematuria. Kidney (polycystic): Characterized by formation of multiple cysts varying in size, scattered diffusely. Kidney (pyelonephritic): Deformed by multiple scars as a result of chronic or recurrent renal infection. Kidney (supernumerary): Developed from the splitting of the nephrogenic blastema. Kidney stones: hardened crystal deposits that may form in the urinary system. KUB: 1. These initials indicate "kidney, ureter and bladder". A type of x-ray film that illustrates the space these organs occupy in the body. Many anatomical landmarks can be determined with a good quality KUB film. This is just medical jargon for a flat X-ray of the abdomen. Calcium stones often show up well on this type of X-ray. 2. Plain abdominal film of the kidneys, ureters and bladder, used to identify abnormal opacities.
[ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ] L Laparoscopy: Peritoneoscopy. Laser: Most people now know what a laser is: a powerful, amplified beam of light that can cut through steel or tissue with ease. The laser discussed in this book is specially tuned to affect only materials that form stones. Normal tissue is not harmed. The laser is a powerful tool to fragment stones, but it requires direct contact with the stone through some sort of telescope in either the kidney, ureter or bladder. Leukemia: Progressive proliferation of abnormal leukocytes found in hemopoietic tissues. Lithiasis: the formation of calculi of any kind. Litho-: 1. Combining forms relating to a stone or calculus. 2. Stone, calculus Litholapaxy: The operating of crushing a stone in the bladder and washing out the fragments through a catheter. Lithoclast: The proper name of a particular kidney stone fragmenting probe that uses a small version of a pneumatic hammer to fragment stones. Works very well and quite safe but relatively new and only now becoming widely available. More popular in Europe. Lithology: The aspect of medicine concerned with calculi. Litholysis: The dissolving of urinary calculi. Lithonephritis: Interstitial nephritis associated with calculus formation. Lithonephrotomy: Incision of the kidney for the removal of a calculus. Lithotomy: Cutting for stone. A cutting operating for the removal of a calculus. Lithotony: Extraction of a stone from the bladder. Lithotripsy: 1. The name for any procedure, surgery or technique that fragments or breaks up a stone. Often refers to ESWL. 2. The crushing of calculi. Lithotriptor: Literally meaning "stone breaker," it refers to any machine than can fragment a stone; usually refers to some type of ESWL machine. Lithotriptoscopy: Crushing of a stone in the bladder under direct vision. Lithotrity: Lithotripsy. Lithuresis: The passage of gravel in the urine. Lithuria: The excretion of uric acid or urates in large amount in the urine. Living Related Donor: Refers to a relative that has been tested for organ and blood compatibility. Typically, if a person is in need of a kidney, parents, siblings, and other close blood relatives are tested for their potential suitability as a kidney donor. In most cases, humans only need one healthy kidney to live. Lymphoma: A general term for ordinarily malignant neoplasms of lymp. [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]
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